P08069

Background

Protein Name
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor alpha chain
Gene Name
IGF1R
Organism
Homo sapiens

Annotations

Function
Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates actions of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Binds IGF1 with high affinity and IGF2 and insulin (INS) with a lower affinity. The activated IGF1R is involved in cell growth and survival control. IGF1R is crucial for tumor transformation and survival of malignant cell. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase, leading to receptor autophosphorylation, and tyrosines phosphorylation of multiple substrates, that function as signaling adapter proteins including, the insulin-receptor substrates (IRS1/2), Shc and 14-3-3 proteins. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lead to the activation of two main signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway and the Ras-MAPK pathway. The result of activating the MAPK pathway is increased cellular proliferation, whereas activating the PI3K pathway inhibits apoptosis and stimulates protein synthesis. Phosphorylated IRS1 can activate the 85 kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K (PIK3R1), leading to activation of several downstream substrates, including protein AKT/PKB. AKT phosphorylation, in turn, enhances protein synthesis through mTOR activation and triggers the antiapoptotic effects of IGFIR through phosphorylation and inactivation of BAD. In parallel to PI3K-driven signaling, recruitment of Grb2/SOS by phosphorylated IRS1 or Shc leads to recruitment of Ras and activation of the ras-MAPK pathway. In addition to these two main signaling pathways IGF1R signals also through the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (JAK/STAT). Phosphorylation of JAK proteins can lead to phosphorylation/activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins. In particular activation of STAT3, may be essential for the transforming activity of IGF1R. The JAK/STAT pathway activates gene transcription and may be responsible for the transforming activity. JNK kinases can also be activated by the IGF1R. IGF1 exerts inhibiting activities on JNK activation via phosphorylation and inhibition of MAP3K5/ASK1, which is able to directly associate with the IGF1R. When present in a hybrid receptor with INSR, binds IGF1. PubMed:12138094 shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long are activated with a high affinity by IGF1, with low affinity by IGF2 and not significantly activated by insulin, and that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short are activated by IGF1, IGF2 and insulin. In contrast, PubMed:16831875 shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long and hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short have similar binding characteristics, both bind IGF1 and have a low affinity for insulin.

Mapping Statistics

Site Maximum Consensus Site Population Minimum Consensus Site Population Median Consensus Site Population
MPP 23 6 16.0
MT3 21 3 15.5
ATP 16 2 8.0
DEF 15 2 8.5
DFG 16 2 5.0
CMP 15 2 6.0
PMP 5 2 3.0
DRS 29 1 3.0
PIF 22 11 14.5

Mapping Results

PDB ID Maximum Consensus Site Population
MPP site AAS site MT3 site LBP site ATP site DEF site DFG site CMP site PMP site EDI site DRS site PDIG site PIF site
Total Druggable Structures per Site 15 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 5 0 2
3LW0 22 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0
1JQH 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 3 0 0
3NW6 17 0 7 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0
1P4O 18 0 5 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
3LVP 19 0 11 0 16 0 6 8 0 0 29 0 22
3QQU 18 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0
3F5P 23 0 21 0 0 15 0 13 5 0 28 0 0
3D94 23 0 15 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 16
3O23 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0
2ZM3 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 3 0 12 0 0
AFP08069 22 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0
1K3A 13 0 0 0 12 0 6 0 0 0 25 0 0
3NW5 21 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
1M7N 22 0 14 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0
3NW7 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0
2OJ9 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
5HZN 17 0 13 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0
3I81 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4D2R 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0